Improvement in machines for making bullets



.elare that the following isafnll, clear, and erin .the line S S in Fig.l.. Fig. 3 is a diagram responding section ons line at right anglesrings, the peripheries of which work in tight contactwith a month in theside ofthe kettle4 balls are rapidly cooled and madeit to be dis ll'nrrnSrnfrns @Aylwin l f EDWARD Hoosier;l or Bnoonnrnf new onn.

l'raeaonemenr in reinweiss een manine 'Spee-ilicntion fori-ning parl: ofLeiters Patent lio. fa., flaied February l, ll

.'10 call whom t may confient:

Be it known that l, EDWARD Nenner, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kingsand State of. New York, have invented a new anni Tm` proved Machine forCasting Buckshot, Balls, and other Small Projectiles; and i hereby deeet description ofthe same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming pari; of this specication, and to thev letters ofreference denoted thereon, in which- Figure l is 'a horizont-al sectionon the line S S in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on showing themotion of a portion. Fig. 4 is a section of a portion, fullsize. Fig. 5is o. corto the last. Fig. is alongitudinal section oi" the cylinder Falone. Fig. is a View of one of the links R, and Fig. 8 is a diagramshowing the relative positions of -some of the parts.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the drawings.

The object 'ofniy invention is to provide means of casting and coolingsmall projectiles more rapidly and with less labor than heretofore. ltconsists in making the cavities in Whielitlie shot are east in the sidesof thin or reservoir of melted metal, the' lead in the kettle pressingconstantly aga-inst the. peripheries of the rings, and each cavity beingiilled as its passes the open mouth or slot, nnsnperiluous metal beingallowed toeseape. A

In connection therewith my invention also consists in the nseof a screwor its equivalent revolved within a suitable oase connected downwardtoward the month, whereby the pressure of the lead at the monthisincreased, and, While rendered in the ina-in more uniform,

rendered slightly conenssiva'as will be explained below.

It likewise also consists in applying cold wa- Whieh`the rings aresustained, the cylinder being hollow vand cold lmier being made tocirculate freely within it, by which means the charged.

It sftlier consists'in giving enfin'ise or axial movement to tine rings,and 'imparting ftlieretosucli motions that nlnle seine of the ringstightly piessedtogetlier are being pre sented to tile melted metal andfilled others are made toseparate to a snfeient distance to allow thesiret to leave the oarities, after which the last-described rings againcome together'and are presented to the month 'to be filled, whilethe-'rst-nameii rings kdisoiiarge their shot in a similar ina-nner. I i

It further consists in a peenliar nieansvoi' opening and closing therings, whereby they are shaken or jarred-when folly open, seas morecertainly to let fall the shot oontained in the cavities, and alsowhereby they are yieldingly pressed together-,sons not to allow thepossible catching of e sliot between tile 'plane surfaces of therings-serions danger to the mechanism. l i

To enable others skilled in. the art to maire andfnse my invention, iwill proeee to de serile-its construction and operation.

A is the main kettle or reservoir in` Wikia? the Vlead is 4melted.` B isa liollos' cylinder.

contained Within the first. C is nn opening through Wliicllmetal cnniler; Jfrom A into B.

D is a mouth tlg rough which, when unobstruot,

ed by any1 object outside, the metal. may iler; freely from B.v E-E,85e., are thin'rings, corn taining intheir sides semi-spherical cavitiese e. F is a thin cylinder', which is aused to rotate slowly by anyconvenient power. The tr'nnnions or bearings G G are hollow5 and eoldWater, air, or other fluid is conseil-to en ter through-one trnnnion, G,and allowed` to escape more or less warm. at the oppositori-ranniomtherebyleonyeying away the lient imparted tothe cylinder by thelmrdeningeitlie shot Within the mold.- A

The mold-rings are attached to the cylinder F by feathers in' suolimanner, as will be more folly described below2 that they are freeto moveendwise on F, but are compelled to rotate with the slow revolutionthereof. There are two series of rings E, one denoted by E and the otherdenoted by E". (Slee Fig. 1.) These rings and the cylinder are inn-de tooperate in a; peculiar 'manner, which will be now'fnlly explained. InFig. tirerings E are iai-close contact each with its mate,an i arerevolved 1n snob. position that the lead in D.

from the other.

vl l are supplied and those between E empparts a slower rotary motion toN O.v

`rings E are in a very dit'l'erent condition, they being entirelyremoved from the mouth Dand separated t0 a sntlicient distance each fromits mate to allow the .l'rce escapeof the shot which has been previouslymolded in the cavities e between them. \\`hen by the rotation ot' thecylinder F all or nearly all ol" the cavities between the mold-rings l.are tilted with metal, the incid-rings l' are brought together, t-hecylinder F is moved rapidly endwise on thc trunnions G, and thus therings E are presented to the mouth l), while the moldrings E are removedtroni l) and are separated'each Then the cavities between tied, theparts :tg-.Lin assume the position shown in Fig. l. The me ms by which Iproduce these motions is as follows: l.`"e extrcme .or outer rings oi'the two series E E are by pins fi, which arelixed in .'l', but which aremerely embraced in slots in l, as represented in Figs 2 and I. rl'hehorizontal bar J isloosely supported -npon a lixe'd framing, l K., sothat it is free to move endwise. The rotary motion ol' F is derived fromthe vertical shaft L, which is driven bya steam-engine or other powerand impcls by means ot' a worm, M, and wheel N. (See Fig. l.) The wheelN is secured on the trunnions G' by a 'feat-her and spline, (notrepresented,) so as to allow for the end motion of l r through it. Ntakes' hold of the fixed frame l by the collar represented, so that itis not capablel ol' moving endwise. A cam-wheel, 0, is ixedon the sideof N. Its periphery is grooved as represented, and a swiveling piece, j,on the side ofJ stands in the groove.

The operation ot' these portions ofthe mechanismis as follows: Therevolution of L iin- The form of the groove in O compels J to remainat'one extreme of its motion till N O,and consequently F,has nearlyeompleteda revolution, when it is moved by the cam O nearly o1' quite tothe opposite cxtreme of its travel. This movement of .l is communicatedby the pins t' z' to the slides l l', and thus through the arms H to thetwo grooved mold-rings Il E', the outermost of the series.

-Therc now remains to be described other important portions ofthemechanism as follows: lhere are two tumbling' bars, P l, hinged at theirlower extremities to fixed points, as represented, and carrying heavyweights Q Q. at their upper ends. These tumbling' bars are connected tothe loose slides I l by the pins p 1i, as represented, and the parts areso proportioued--as may vreadity be done by any good mechanic-that w-hcnby the action of the cam O the bar J' commences to slide end wise it rsttumbles one of the tumbling bars and then the other, the one lirsttumbled being the one which closes `the empty series of moldrings andmoves the cylinder endwise to present them to the mouth D, and the onelast tumbled be ing the one which opens the filled rings to dischargethe shot. The relative inclination of t-he two tumbling barsin order toeffect this is shown in outline in Fig. 8. The surface of the cylinder Fis grooved or splined longitudi-i nally along four or more lines,thecylinder be ing thicker at those parts to allow therefor, as shown inFigs. 2 and 4. In these grooves are placed short open links It.(Shownseparately in Fig. 7.) The thickness ot' these links is somewhatgreater ,than the depth of the grooves, and a corresponding groove ismade in. the inner side ofthe mold-rings, whereby the links are made toserve as keys or feathers to compel. the rings to rotate with F.Anotherand chief function of these links is to loosely connect t-heseveral rings, which is eii'ected by the aid of pins r r, fixed in theinner surface of the rings and extending into the links. Each ring lflor E' has as many piusr as there are grooves in the cylinder F, and eachalternate pin connects by a link, R, to its neighboring ring on theright side, while the remainder connect in a similar manner to the ringon its other or left hand. .lhese pins lrare of no effect when the ringsare in the position of tlie rings E in Fig. l; but they are veryimportant when the rings are separated, likeEin the same figure. In thelatter position they serve to prevent the rings 'from separating `toowidely either from each other or from the fast ring F,which latter ringis fixed on the cylinder F between the series E and the series EQ and towhich .both series-are connected.

'it rst moves idly while the pins j j traverse.

the corresponding slots in the slides Il. A Continuing its end motion,it moves the slide I. and. with it the bar P', Ilifting the weight Qthrough the are from l to 2. (See Fig. 3.)

On moving a little farther the grzn'itylofl Q assists the motion of theslide l and tarrics it rapidly and with some violence .to the, cxtremeof its motion. v In performing this movement thc slide l', by means ofthe. two

arms H', produces the following effects, viz;

First, it presses into contact with each other all the rines in theseries E and second by the i 23 7 l 7 iv l 22,974 y v v s pressureof'these rings against F it moves the cylinder I endwise to the fullextent to which itis allowed to travel, its motion .being gaged in anyordinary manner. (N ot represented.)l

This operation completely removes the rings "E from the mout-h D andsubstitutes the rings E in their place. Subsequently the'continucd endmotion of J moves the slide I to a suieient extent to tumble the bar I,which causes it to hasten the motion of I, and by the aid of the arms Hto separate the several rings in the series E to the full extent allowedby the links and pins It r, the several rings being sensibly jarrcd orshaken by the suddenness with which this opening is effected. Thesliding bar .I and all its connections now remain quiet, while thecylinder F makes a nearly complete revolution, after which the reversemotion of J produces a similar eliect, first closing the intervalsbetween the rings E and' moving the cylinder F endwisc, and then,

eitherinlmcdiately or after a short interval,

opening the spaces between the'rings E. The dotted lines .on the cam 0show the form of cam which will cause the opening of the ringsto bedelayed for a considerable intervalafter theyllave been removed from themouth D. Aconsiderable pressure and a slight jarring motion of themelted lead at the mouth D appears to be important to 'the complete andcertain filling of the cavities@ c. The pressure cannot be increasedbyelevating the kottlc, becausev the lea-df congeals in theconveying-pipes, and any ordinary pump causes ltoo unsteady and yet toogentle al1-agitation. In my invention I produce a proper increase ofpressure and at the same time a proper agitation ofthe fluid by therotation of' the broad thin screw T'within the cylinder B, as Yrepre-`sented. The cylinder B, above and below the screw T, may, if preferred,be tted w-itha fixed spiral or 'By the invention above described I- ame11- abled to .manufacture buckshot, balls,i.riile" projectiles, and thelike much more rapidly andv with less labor than by any means previously known, It also involves lees exposure of the melted metal to theatmosphere, and

consequently produces less oxidation and waste of metal. f

Having now -fully described` my invent-ien and its operation, what I.claim as new in they manufacture of buckshot and balls, and desirey tosecure by Letters Patent, isy 1. The revolving self-cutting mold E E',Working inv contact with the mouth D of the lead-kettle through whichthe cavities e care supplied with metal, substantiallyY in the man. nerand for the purposes above set forth.

The end motion of the two series of moldrings E E and the-opening andclosing of` thread the reverse ofthe screw" T, in order to increase theeiec'tofrl by gelb, known laws; but I do not consider it'necessary."

